Most Irregular Operations (IROPS) are related to what?

The correct choice pertains to passenger delays of a longer than normal duration. Irregular Operations, commonly referred to as IROPS, are situations that deviate from the standard operating procedures, typically impacting airline schedules, thereby leading to delays or cancellations. These disruptions can stem from various factors, including weather events, security issues, or technical difficulties, which consequently result in passengers waiting longer than usual.

In IROPS scenarios, the focus is primarily on managing the effects on passengers and ensuring that they are informed, accommodated, and cared for, which highlights the significance of addressing longer-than-normal delays. This response mechanism is crucial in maintaining customer service standards and minimizes the inconvenience to passengers during irregular situations.

Understanding this context clarifies why the other options are less relevant. Increased passenger services generally signify an uptick in flights or operational capacity rather than irregular operations. Aircraft routine maintenance is a scheduled activity that does not fall under IROPS, as it is planned and anticipated. Emergency landings, while critical, represent isolated events caused by immediate threats to safety rather than the broader scope of irregular operational issues related specifically to passenger delays.