What is the most effective control measure for reducing noise impact?

The most effective control measure for reducing noise impact is land acquisition. This approach involves purchasing property located in high-noise areas around airports, which can significantly reduce the number of individuals exposed to excessive noise levels. By acquiring land, airports can prevent residential or commercial development in these areas, effectively lowering the population impacted by noise from aircraft operations.

Acquiring land also allows for the implementation of buffer zones, which can further protect sensitive noise receptors such as schools, hospitals, and residential areas. This strategy can lead to a long-term solution for noise mitigation, as it not only addresses current noise issues but can also prevent future conflicts as air traffic increases.

While other measures like noise monitoring systems, soundproofing methods, and preferential runway use are valuable supplements and contribute to noise management, land acquisition stands out as a proactive approach that directly addresses the issue of human exposure to noise pollution. By controlling the use of surrounding land, airports can more effectively limit the number of people affected by aviation noise.