What is the primary purpose of a stopway?

The primary purpose of a stopway is to support and minimize damage in case of an overrun. A stopway is an area located beyond the end of the runway, designed to allow an aircraft that fails to stop during the takeoff or landing roll to safely decelerate without causing significant damage to the aircraft or injury to occupants. This area absorbs some of the momentum and provides a buffer that enhances safety, particularly in emergency situations. The design and construction of stopways are governed by specific regulations and standards, recognizing their critical role in protecting both the aircraft and the surrounding infrastructure.

In this context, the other options do not accurately reflect the primary function of a stopway. While additional takeoff distance and specific areas for refueling or maintenance may contribute to overall airport operations, they do not align with the essential safety function intended by the presence of a stopway.