Which component of an Instrument Landing System (ILS) provides lateral positioning information?

The component of an Instrument Landing System (ILS) that provides lateral positioning information is the localizer. It operates by transmitting signals that help pilots determine their horizontal position relative to the runway centerline during the approach phase of landing. The localizer ensures that aircraft can maintain the correct alignment with the runway, which is crucial for safe landings, particularly in poor visibility conditions.

In addition to providing lateral guidance, the localizer complements other components of the ILS, such as the glideslope, which delivers vertical positioning information. While the marker beacon and distance measuring equipment have their specific roles—marking specific points of the approach and measuring distance to the runway—the primary function of lateral guidance is distinctly associated with the localizer.