Which of the following is considered a federal action?

The consideration of ALP (Airport Layout Plan) approvals as a federal action is based on the role of the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) in overseeing airport development and ensuring compliance with federal regulations. ALP approvals are critical in determining how an airport can expand and develop its infrastructure. Even if Airport Improvement Program (AIP) funding is not involved, ALP approvals are entangled with federal statutes and regulations, making them a federal action. This means that they must be consistent with national aviation policies and safety standards.

In contrast, private investment, local community safety assessments, and aviation marketing strategies largely operate at the state or local level and do not inherently involve federal oversight or regulations to the same extent. Thus, they do not qualify as federal actions in the context of FAA regulations and federal involvement in aviation.