Who is the lead agency for post-accident investigations?

The National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) is designated as the lead agency for post-accident investigations, particularly in the context of aviation, but also encompassing other transportation modes such as rail and maritime. The NTSB's primary responsibility is to determine the probable cause of transportation accidents and to issue safety recommendations aimed at preventing future incidents. They conduct thorough investigations, analyze data, gather evidence, and often collaborate with other agencies and entities, including the FAA, to ensure a comprehensive understanding of the circumstances surrounding an accident.

This role is crucial because the conclusions drawn by the NTSB help shape policies and regulations that enhance transportation safety, making their findings pivotal in improving industry practices. The agency also has the authority to hold public hearings during investigations, thereby ensuring transparency and a thorough review process.

The FAA, while it plays a vital role in regulating aviation safety and enforcing compliance with safety standards, does not lead accident investigations; its focus is more on oversight and regulatory functions. The Department of Transportation (DOT) oversees various transportation entities but does not specifically lead investigations into accidents. Local law enforcement may be involved in responding to accidents but typically does not conduct post-accident investigations in the same capacity as the NTSB.